Summary:

- Two recent studies have provided conflicting findings on whether COVID-19 vaccines can induce mucosal immunity, which is important for preventing infection and transmission.
- One study found that Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines did not induce robust mucosal immunity, while another study found that these vaccines did generate mucosal antibodies in the nose and throat.
- The conflicting results highlight the need for more research to understand the extent to which COVID-19 vaccines can elicit mucosal immunity, which could have implications for vaccine effectiveness and the ability to block transmission.